Selection of supporters to public positions by political parties

Abstract

In the complex scenario of the selection of public offices, political parties (PP) emerge as the main actors that shape the political landscape. This scientific article descriptively addresses the impact on the assignment of civil servants, extracting the complexities and tensions inherent in this dynamic. Through a literature review, we explore the fundamental theories and approaches that shed effects on how political parties influence the appointment of government leaders. From the classic works of Giovanni Sartori to the contemporary research of Arend Lijphart, it examines the theoretical perspectives that have delineated the relationship between political parties and public office. It also highlights the contributions of recent studies such as Robert Michels' on the "iron law of oligarchy", providing a more complete understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The article analyzes studies of various political realities to illustrate the applicability of the theories reviewed. It explores the ethical, social and democratic implications of the selection of public offices through citizen participation and representativeness by political parties. Ultimately, this article offers a comprehensive and explanatory view of the tangled relationship between PP and the selection of public officials, contributing to the critical understanding of this crucial process in contemporary political dynamics.