Towards competent writing: Exploring authors, theories, difficulties and possible solutions in the production of argumentative and expository texts

Abstract

This article gives an account of the bibliographic review on authors who have focused on writing and have created their theories; research that has been carried out about the main difficulties related to the competences in written production of argumentative and expository texts and the possible alternative solutions, so that the type of research, the approach, the study population, the conception of the variables such as writing and didactics, the difficulties identified, are analyzed,  the method used, the instruments that allowed the collection of information, the results obtained in a general way and an outline of the conclusions reached by the researchers. As a result of this bibliographic search, it is possible to conclude that the main difficulties encountered regarding the writing of argumentative and expository texts were: lack of organization, planning, lack of convincing argumentation, incorrect use of grammar and syntax, limited vocabulary, lack of coherence and cohesion and difficulties in finding and citing sources adequately. As alternative solutions it is possible to think about the combination of strategies that allow delving into the superstructure of each of the types of texts, developing an adequate writing process that goes through various stages and that the student is aware of their advances and shortcomings, presenting contextualized textual models that favor production.