Rendición de cuentas y gobernanza: revisión sistemática de las claves teóricas y mecanismos que transforman la gestión pública
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18320292Palabras clave:
gobernanza, mecanismos institucionales, rendición de cuentasResumen
Este artículo analiza cómo la rendición de cuentas fortalece la gobernanza pública en contextos contemporáneos, mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura que identifica marcos teóricos fundamentales —como la teoría principal-agente, gobernanza multinivel y complejidad organizacional—; mecanismos institucionales clave, incluyendo transparencia activa, auditorías internas, coordinación intergubernamental y herramientas digitales; y factores contextuales determinantes, tales como identidades políticas, corrupción endémica y reformas colaborativas. Siguiendo estrictamente el protocolo PRISMA para garantizar rigor y reproducibilidad, se exploraron bases de datos académicas de alto impacto, tales como: Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Google Scholar y EBSCOhost, delimitadas a publicaciones entre 2020 y 2025. De un total inicial de 412 registros identificados, se aplicaron criterios precisos de inclusión y exclusión, depurando hasta seleccionar 34 artículos de alta calidad para un análisis cualitativo detallado y sintético. Los resultados revelan cómo la rendición de cuentas multidireccional integra controles, fomenta legitimidad ciudadana y mitiga fallas institucionales, proponiendo vías para políticas más resilientes.
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