Estrategias de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios: una revisión sistemática
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17011254Palabras clave:
aprendizaje, enseñanza, universitariosResumen
La transición de la etapa escolar a la universitaria representa un desafío significativo para los estudiantes, quienes deben enfrentarse a nuevos tecnicismos y disciplinas con complejidades específicas, lo que dificulta la adopción de estrategias de aprendizaje efectivas. En este contexto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por estudiantes universitarios a través de una revisión sistemática. Para ello, se consultaron bases de datos científicas reconocidas, tales como Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO y MEDLINE (PUBMED), utilizando como descriptor principal el término “estrategias de aprendizaje”. Se seleccionaron y analizaron un total de 39 artículos: 13 de Web of Science, 9 de Scopus, 9 de PUBMED y 8 de SciELO. Los resultados indican que las estrategias de apoyo al procesamiento de la información son las más empleadas por los estudiantes universitarios. Además, se observa una amplia diversidad de países que, en sus respectivas instituciones y sin importar la facultad, incorporan al menos una estrategia de aprendizaje como parte fundamental de sus procesos formativos. Este análisis resalta la relevancia de las estrategias de aprendizaje en la adaptación y éxito académico de los estudiantes universitarios, subrayando la necesidad de promover su uso efectivo para favorecer el proceso educativo en diferentes contextos institucionales. La revisión sistemática contribuye así a profundizar el conocimiento y la aplicación de estas estrategias en la educación superior.
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