Digital extortion using artificial intelligence in Peru: a systematic review of the regulatory framework and guidelines for its prevention
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17643290Keywords:
digital extortion, artificial intelligence, deepfakesAbstract
This article aims to examine the Peruvian regulatory framework on AI-enhanced digital extortion, compare it with international standards, and propose normative–operational guidelines for its prevention, prosecution, and forensic examination. Using a systematic review methodology (PRISMA 2020) of 30 academic, regulatory, and institutional sources (2020–2025), with documentary, legal-comparative, and thematic qualitative analysis, the findings show that synthetic-content generation capabilities (deepfakes and voice cloning) surpass human and algorithmic detection in real-world contexts. Peru has made progress with Law No. 32314 (aggravating circumstance for the use of AI); however, gaps remain in procedures for the swift removal of harmful content, early preservation of evidence, and forensic standards for synthetic audio/image analysis. In comparative law, the EU (AI Act), Ofcom (United Kingdom), and eSafety (Australia) establish obligations relating to due diligence, transparency, and attribution/provenance tools. Consequently, this study concludes by recommending a hybrid model that complements criminal sanctions with platform duties (detection, labeling, and preservation), strengthening of forensic laboratories, and cybersecurity prevention and education programs, in order to improve the State’s response and enhance victim protection.
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