Analysis of the agro-export competitiveness of blueberries in international markets

Abstract

This article examines the opportunities and constraints facing Peruvian blueberries in capitalizing on—or limiting—their growth in the US market. A qualitative and descriptive methodology was employed, based on Porter's Diamond model and a SWOT analysis. The results show that the sector's main opportunities stem from the steady growth in per capita blueberry consumption in the United States, driven by established consumption habits, the dissemination of research on their functional properties, and a market with high population density and purchasing power. To capitalize on these opportunities, the Peruvian sector has strengths anchored in basic and generalized factors, such as favorable climatic conditions, suitable soils, and water availability. However, the analysis reveals constraints associated with a lack of advanced and specialized factors, which limits a more robust and sustained entry into this market. In this context, it is crucial that the sector develop the capacity to adapt quickly to turbulence in competitive environments, given that its direct rivals—Canada, Chile, Argentina, and Mexico—have made more progress in developing specialized factors that allow them to build lasting competitive advantages.