Revisión sistemática sobre el injerto de piel autóloga comparando con el artificial en las heridas de mano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17064820Palabras clave:
piel autóloga, artificial, estéticaResumen
Este estudio compara los injertos de piel autóloga y artificial en el manejo de heridas en la mano, evaluando su eficacia, funcionalidad y resultados estéticos. Dado que estas lesiones afectan tanto la apariencia como la movilidad, seleccionar el injerto adecuado es clave para la recuperación. Se realizó una revisión sistemática bajo el método PRISMA, analizando 30 estudios publicados en los últimos diez años. Se incluyeron investigaciones que evaluaran tasas de integración del injerto, funcionalidad postoperatoria y satisfacción del paciente, excluyendo aquellas sin un análisis comparativo claro. Los resultados evidencian que los injertos autólogos siguen siendo el estándar de oro por su alta integración y compatibilidad biológica, mientras que los artificiales han demostrado ser una alternativa viable en casos donde la piel autóloga es limitada. Aunque los injertos artificiales han avanzado con la bioingeniería, presentan desafíos en costos y riesgo de infecciones. Se concluye que el tratamiento ideal puede requerir un enfoque híbrido y que futuras investigaciones deben centrarse en la durabilidad de los injertos artificiales y en nuevas tecnologías como la impresión 3D de piel.
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